BIOMECHANICAL RATIONALE OF AN EARLY DENTURE CHOISE IN PROSTHETICS OF BOUNDED DEFECTS OF DENTAL ROWS

Abstract

The work is focused on the study of the stress-strain state of support tissue in a fragment of the lower dental row in case of prosthetic of a defect bounded by the canine and the first molar with removable bridge prostheses that have various design features to justify the choice of the most rational denture design. The research was conducted on the basis of the finite-element procedure with the use of an elastic threedimensional model of a fragment of the lower jaw with the bounded defects replaceable with removable bridges. The simplest design solution of a bridge precluded support of prosthetic bed by alveolar bone tissue and implied the perception and redistribution of all functional loading by bridges directly through attachments among the abutments. The second case of the replacement of the bounded defect used the bridge with locks and prosthesis body that was supported by the alveolar bone tissue. This design allowed unloading the abutments due to the transfer of the functional load directly to the mucosa of the alveolar bone. A design feature of the third bridge was the use of hard-elastic plastics in matrices of the locks of the prosthesis, increasing the pliability of bridge fixation to the abutments and redistributing a part of the functional load from the abutments to the mucosa of the alveolar bone. The results of the research show that the most rational design is removable bridge prosthesis with hardelastic plastic matrices in the lock, which allows unloading of the abutments maximally.

Keywords

• bounded defects of dental rows, atrophy of alveolar processes, early denture, lock connection.