MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN THE HEMOMICROCIRCULATORY BED OF THE LUNGS IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION

Abstract

Considering the important role of the hemomicrocirculatory bed of the lungs for maintaining local homeostasis of the respiratory system, the study of its ultramicroscopic features in case of the allergic inflammatory process in the lungs is one of the urgent tasks of morphology. The aim of this workis to determine the main microscopic and submicroscopic changes in the hemomicrocirculatory bed of the lungs under conditions of experimental allergic inflammation. Material and methods. Using histological and electron microscopic methods, the lungs of 48 male guinea pigs were studied under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. We determined ultrastructural changes in the components of the hemomicrocirculatory bed under conditions of experimental allergic inflammation. Results.The regularity of the reaction of the structural components of the hemomicrocirculatory bed in response to ovalbumin sensitization and inhalation was revealed, consisted in the structural and functional reorganization of the vessels of the exchange link of the microcirculatory bed of the lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs in the form of plethora, vasodilatation, increasing permeability of the vascular wall, which leads to edema and disorganization of perivascular connective tissue. swelling of the endothelial cells of the vessels of the hemomicrocirculatory bed, therefore a large number of microprotrusions and intussusceptions are formed, as a result of which the shape of the vascular lumen changed. Conclusions.It was established that during the early period of the development of the allergic inflammatory process in the lungs, there are signs of dysfunction of the endothelium of the hemomicrocirculatory channel and increased permeability of the vascular wall, confirmed at the ultramicroscopic level. The detected hemomicrocirculatory changes are due to the increased functional activity of perivascular mast cells, which regulate the course of the allergic inflammatory process due to the influence on vascular and cellular reactions.

Keywords

• hemomicrocirculatory bed,experimental allergic inflammation,ovalbumin,guinea pig,electron microscopy.