INFLUENCE OF DOSES AND RELATIONSHIP BASED ON ON YIELDAND QUALITY OF GRAIN WHEAT

Abstract

The results of research of influence of long-term application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers on podzolized chernozem in field crop rotation in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe Ukraine on the yield and quality of winter wheat, the predecessor of which was soybean. It was determined that due to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers it is possible to increase the yield of culture by 31–96 %. The highest quality indicators ensured the use of mineral fertilizers with a dose of N150P30K40 per 1 ha of crop rotation – 13,5 % protein and 28,4 % gluten (group A 2 of the class of quality group). With the increase of doses of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers twice the content of protein and gluten has not significantly increased. It that in areas where fertilizers were not introduced, the grain corresponded to the 6th grade, only nitric fertilizers with a dose of N150 and their application on the phosphoric-potassium background ensured the production of grain of grade 2 quality. It was established that the density of the connection due to the correlation coefficient between the weight of 1000 grains and the grain was weak (r = 0,19), but between the weight of 1000 grains and the yield – moderate (r = 0,41), between the content of protein and gluten – strong (r = 0,76). According to a generalized quality indicator, winter wheat grain of the best quality was formed in the experiment variant with the introduction of N150P60K40, and on average per 1 ha of field crop rotation – N110P60K40.

Keywords

• winter wheat
• mineral fertilizers
• yield
• nature of grain
• weight per 1000 grains
• protein