Comparative analysis of natural antibodies to neurotransmitters in the conditions of changes in physical activity on the human body

Abstract

We performed a comparative evaluation of natural antibodies (e-At) to glutamate and GABA, the bioregulators of, respectively, excitatory and inhibitory systems in the people who differ in physical activity and its duration. The study included those athletes who are intensely engaged in Greco-Roman wrestling (22 cases), ice hockey (42 cases). The control group consisted of volunteers performing a complex of fitness exercises (42 persons). The relative contents of natural neurotransmitter antibodies in blood serum was determined by the solid-phase ELISA technique, using a synthetic conjugated glutamate and GABA antigens for sorption on the analytic plates. With increasing physical activity determined by the coaching schedule, a significant increase in the level of GABA and glutamate antibodies was found in the groups subjected to strenuous exercise, compared to the controls. For wrestling athletes, a consequent measurement of glutamate and GABA antibodies was performed, with an interval of 14 days for each period. The zero point of the first stage was characterized by the absence of physical activity, being increased at later terms. We have established experimentally an interrelation between changes in immunological parameters and physical loads at different time periods of Greco-Roman wrestling. There was a gradual increase in antibodies to these neurotransmitters after the first stage of sport exercises. However, a statistically significant change in their level was observed only by the end of the third training period. In hockey players, a comparative ELISA testing of natural antibodies to glutamate and GABA showed a significant change in the level of antibodies to neurotransmitters compared with appropriate parameters of control group. We have also noted distinct features of the antibody content in hockey players if compared with Greco-Roman fighters. The content of GABA and glutamate antibodies for the group of hockey players examined was initially significantly higher than in control group, and remained on these levels throughout the entire training process. These results may indicate a different functional state of the body before exercise. Statistical evaluation of the data obtained has revealed some individual patterns of serum antibody contents in athletes. At initial terms, most hockey players, either at rest and under physical load, showed a scatter in the contents of GABA antibodies. After enhanced physical loads, the number of athletes with higher levels of glutamate antibodies was increased. The data obtained may indicate to a degree of GABA-and glutamate-dependent regulatory systems involvement into various stages of physical training.

Keywords

• gamma-aminobutyric acid
• glutamate
• antibodies
• physical burden
• adaptation