Může být využití půdy z meziřadí účinným řešením únavy půdy jabloňových sadů? [Can be the utilization of inter-row soil efficient solution of apple replant disease?]

Abstract

Growing apple trees in intensive production systems increasingly leads to long-term use of one site for several generations of orchards. Due to zoning, ownership restrictions and investments in orchard infrastructure, such as supporting systems, irrigation, fencing, etc., growers are forced to re-plant new trees on the same land. However, this method of management sooner or later leads to the development of apple replant disease. Above all, its consequences are limited growth, reduced yields and thus a reduction in the economic benefits of the orchard. As part of the solution of the replant disease problem, we tested the possibility of mitigating its impacts by using soil from previous inter-rows that is potentially less affected by apple replant disease. Either soil from the original row (Únava) or from the original inter-row (Výměna) was used to cover the roots of newly planted apple trees in the original orchard lines. The evaluation of vegetative growth revealed a certain positive effect of soil exchange; however, no significant results were achieved. In the case of the yields, the results also did not show a significant difference. According to the methodology of our experiment, the exchange of soil from inter-rows proved to be insufficient in a four-year experiment. Better results could be achieved by combining soil replacement with other measures to reduce the effects of replant disease.

Keywords

• malus sp.
• soil
• management
• replantation
• orchard
• vegetative growth
• yield