Genetic variability and diversity of corn breeding material originating from domestic and foreign populations determined on the basis of biochemical-genetical markers

Abstract

Isozymes can serve as genetic markers and their number should be large enough in order to make the coverage of genomes as complete as possible and in order to use these methods for gene marking for required agronomic traits. These markers are the products of 21 mapped genes, which is relatively reliable number for their application in mapping for certain agronomic traits. Genetic variability and diversity are significant for populations and for selfpolinated lines as basic material in breeding and creation of new corn hybrids. For that reason, several groups of corn populations of different origin were analyzed. Two groups of Yugoslav populations, Italian, Portuguese and French collections were assessed on the basis of detected alleles of 21 loci and standard genetic distances between genotypes. Yugoslav corn collections had shown high heterozygosity, on the basis of isozymes as gene markers. Genetic diversity of Italian populations was pronounced on the basis of some loci, and the Portuguese populations had more polymorphic and more heterozygous loci than French populations Inter-genetic variability between populations and their geographical location are very important in breeding crops for creation of heterosis.

Keywords

• genetic variability
• diversity
• genetical markers
• isozymes
• corn
• populations