Sustainable Agriculture in Jordan: A Review for the Potential of Biochar from Agricultural Waste for Soil and Crop Improvement

Abstract

This review aims to demonstrate how biochar, derived from agricultural wastes can improve soil physical and chemical properties, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to increased agricultural productivity and long-term sustainability. In this review, we analyze the effects of biochar on various soil parameters, including soil bulk density, soil porosity, microbial activity, nutrient content, cation exchange capacities, pH, water holding capacity, and infiltration rates. The results highlight the practical importance of utilizing biochar to improve soil physical and chemical properties. Additionally, the results show that biochar is a practical strategy for improving the growth and yield of crops and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It can be concluded that biochar can significantly contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security in Jordan by improving soil health, enhancing water retention, and mitigating salinity

Keywords

• agricultural waste
• biochar
• crop productivity
• greenhouse gas emissions
• soil chemical properties
• soil physical properties