Fitness is Recovered with the Decline of Dimethachlon Resistance in Laboratory-induced Mutants of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum after Long-term Cold Storage

Abstract

After four years of cold storage, dimethachlon resistance of two laboratory-induced resistant Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates SCG7 and LA50 declined by 99.5% and 98.9%, respectively, and cross resistance to iprodione and procymidone also declined dramatically. Along with the decline of fungicide resistance, osmotic sensitivity to sodium chloride and glucose decreased tremendously; mycelial growth rate, sclerotia number and weight per potato dextrose agar (PDA) plate increased on average by 118.6%, 85. 5% and 64.5%, respectively; and virulence to detached leaves of oilseed rape increased by 72.7% on average. Significant negative correlations were detected between dimethachlon resistance levels and mycelial growth rate on PDA (r = −0.980, P = 0.021), and between resistance levels and lesion diameters on detached leaves of oilseed rape plants (r = −0.997, P = 0.002). These results have profound implications for assessing the potential risk for resistance development to dicarboximide fungicides in S. sclerotiorum.

Keywords

• cold storage
• dimethachlon resistance
• fitness penalty
• Sclerotinia sclerotiorum