Toxicity of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron to Soil Microorganisms and Related Defense Mechanisms: A Review
Guoming Zeng,
Yu He,
Fei Wang,
Heng Luo,
Dong Liang,
Jian Wang,
Jiansheng Huang,
Chunyi Yu,
Libo Jin,
Da Sun
Affiliations
Guoming Zeng
School of Architecture and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Yu He
School of Architecture and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Fei Wang
School of Architecture and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Heng Luo
Geological Research Institute of No. 9 Oil Production Plant of CNPC Changqing Oilfield, Yinchuan 750006, China
Dong Liang
School of Architecture and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Jian Wang
Chongqing Yubei District Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Chongqing 401124, China
Jiansheng Huang
School of Architecture and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
Chunyi Yu
Department of Construction Management and Real Estate, Chongqing Jianzhu College, Chongqing 400072, China
Libo Jin
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Institute of Life Sciences, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Da Sun
National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Institute of Life Sciences, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
Soil pollution is a global environmental problem. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a kind of emerging remedial material is used for contaminated soil, which can quickly and effectively degrade and remove pollutants such as organic halides, nitrates and heavy metals in soil, respectively. However, nZVI and its composites can enter the soil environment in the application process, affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil, be absorbed by microorganisms and affect the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, thus affecting the ecological environment of the entire soil. Because of the potential risks of nZVI to the environment and ecosystems, this paper summarizes the current application of nZVI in the remediation of contaminated soil environments, summarizes the various factors affecting the toxic effects of nZVI particles and comprehensively analyzes the toxic effects of nZVI on microorganisms, toxic mechanisms and cell defense behaviors to provide a theoretical reference for subsequent biosafety research on nZVI.
