<p>Perbandingan dimensi vertikal oklusal sebelum dan setelah insersi gigi tiruan lengkap dengan metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri</p><p>Comparison of occlusal vertical dimension before and after complete denture insertion using Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods</p>

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Konstruksi Gigi Tiruan Lengkap (GTL) perlu memperhatikan dimensi vertikal yang dibagi menjadi Dimensi Vertikal Oklusal (DVO) dan Dimensi Vertikal Fisiologis (DVF). Metode penentuan DVO yang dianggap relevan untuk masyarakat Indonesia adalah metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis DVO sebelum dan setelah insersi GTL dengan pendekatan metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode observasional analitik dengan rancangan studi cross sectional. Sampel adalah pasien di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (Unsoed) Purwokerto yang dipilih dengan metode purposive total sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Seluruh subjek penelitian dilakukan pengukuran DVO sebelum insersi GTL menggunakan metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri. Setelah tahapan prosedur pembuatan GTL selesai dan dilakukan insersi maka dihitung kembali DVO paska insersi menggunakan metode yang sama. Hasil pengukuran DVO sebelum dan setelah insersi gigi tiruan lengkap dibandingkan dan dianalisis. Hasil: Hasil uji dependent t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara DVO sebelum dan setelah insersi gigi tiruan lengkap pada pendekatan metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri (p < 0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat penurunan dimensi vertikal oklusal sebelum dan setelah insersi GTL dengan pendekatan metode Niswonger dan radiografi sefalometri. Kata kunci: Gigi tiruan lengkap, dimensi vertikal oklusal, metode Niswonger, metode radiografi sefalometri. ABSTRACT Introduction: Construction of complete denture needs to be emphasised on the vertical dimensions which are divided into Occlusal Vertical Dimensions (OVD) and Physiological Vertical Dimensions (PVD). The method of determining the OVD that is considered relevant for Indonesian is the Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods. This study was aimed to analyse the OVD before and after complete denture insertion with the Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods. Methods: This research was quantitative with an observational analytic method and cross-sectional study design. Samples were patients at the University of Jenderal Sudirman (Unsoed) Purwokerto Dental Hospital (RSGM) who were selected by purposive total sampling method according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. All study subjects were measured the OVD before complete denture insertion using the Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods. After the procedure of complete denture fabrication was completed and insertion carried out, the post-insertion OVD was then remeasured using the same methods. The results of OVD measurements before and after complete denture insertion were then compared and analysed. Results: The results of dependent t-test showed a significant difference in the OVD before and after complete denture insertion with the Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a decrease in the occlusal vertical dimensions before and after complete denture insertion with the Niswonger and cephalometric radiography methods. Keywords: Complete denture, occlusal vertical dimension, Niswonger method, cephalometric radiography method.