Immune modulation and cecal microbiome changes in broilers fed with fenugreek seeds and Bacillus-based probiotics

Deependra Paneru; Guillermo Tellez-Isaias; Walter G. Bottje; Emmanuel Asiamah; Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth; Md Salahuddin; Jayant Lohakare

Poultry Science (Oct 2024)

Immune modulation and cecal microbiome changes in broilers fed with fenugreek seeds and Bacillus-based probiotics

Deependra Paneru,
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias,
Walter G. Bottje,
Emmanuel Asiamah,
Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth,
Md Salahuddin,
Jayant Lohakare

Affiliations

Deependra Paneru: Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias: Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
Walter G. Bottje: Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
Emmanuel Asiamah: Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA
Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth: Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt; Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
Md Salahuddin: Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
Jayant Lohakare: Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA; Corresponding author:

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 103, no. 10
p. 104130

Abstract

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ABSTRACT: Intensive broiler production systems face challenges like enteric diseases, impacting global food security. Strategies to enhance broiler immunity and gut health, particularly amidst antibiotic growth promoter restrictions, are crucial. The present study investigated the combined effects of fenugreek seeds (FS) and Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials (DFM) on immune-related gene expression in the ileum and alteration of microbial population in the cecum of broiler. The study involved 160 Ross 308 broiler chicks, which were divided into four groups consisting of 5 replicates, each containing eight birds. The chicks were grown for a period of 42 d, during which they had ad libitum access to feed and water. Dietary treatments were: Control (basal diet), FS5 (basal + 5g/kg fenugreek seeds), FS5DFM (basal + 5g/kg fenugreek seeds + 0.1g/kg Bacillus-based DFM), and DFM (basal + 0.1g/kg Bacillus-based DFM). Ileum tissue and cecal contents were collected on d 42 for gene expression and gut microbiome analysis. Ileal gene expression analysis revealed the downregulation of IL-6, IL-8L2, CASP6, PTGS2, and IRF7 in both FSs and DFMs groups compared to the control, suggesting individual immunomodulatory effects. However, avian β-defensin genes exhibited complex regulation, highlighting the need for further investigation. Cecal microbiome diversity remained stable, with subtle shifts in specific taxa influenced by FSs and DFMs. Interestingly, the combination of the FSs and DFMs uniquely impacted specific taxa, including Clostridiales vadin BB60. These findings suggest that both FSs and DFMs demonstrated potential for improving broiler immunity through inflammation reduction. The combination of FSs and DFMs offers a synergistic effect in immune modulation and specific microbial modulation, warranting further investigation with pathogen challenge models for comprehensive understanding.

Published in Poultry Science

ISSN: 0032-5791 (Print); 1525-3171 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Animal culture
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/poultry-science

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