Highly Efficient Capacitive Deionization Enabled by NiCo4MnO8.5 Electrodes

Abstract

Abstract The shortage of fresh water resources is one of the major challenges facing this planet. Capacitive deionization (CDI) techniques that are deemed to be highly efficient and require low capital cost have attracted widespread attention in the last few decades. In this work, the cubic ternary metal oxides NiCo4MnO8.5 (Ni–Co–Mn–O) are synthesized by facile hydrothermal method for enhanced symmetrical CDI. Electrochemical measurements illustrate that the Ni–Co–Mn–O possesses low internal resistance and ion diffusion impedance. As a result, the salt removal capacity of the Ni–Co–Mn–O electrode increases from 26.84 to 65.61 mg g−1 by varying the voltage from 0.8 to 1.4 V in 1.0 × 10−2 m NaCl solution, while the charge efficiency stabilizes at ≈80%. After 20 cycles, the capacitance retained is 64.27%, which is due to the irreversibility of Co2+/Co3+ and Mn2+/Mn3+ and the release of Ni3+ from the Ni–Co–Mn–O electrode after long desalination/salination cycles.

Keywords

• capacitive deionization
• desalination
• ternary metal oxides