Emergence of non-Gaussian coherent states through nonlinear interactions

Abstract

Light-matter interactions that are nonlinear with respect to the photon number reveal the quantum nature of coherent states. We characterize how coherent states depart from Gaussian by the emergence of negative values in their Wigner function during the evolution while maintaining their characteristic Poissonian photon statistics. Such states have nonminimum uncertainty yet present a metrological advantage that can reach the Heisenberg limit. Non-Gaussianity of light arises as a general property of nonlinear interactions, which only requires a polarizable media, resonant or dispersive. Our results highlight how useful quantum features can be extracted from the seemingly most classical states of light, a relevant phenomenon for quantum optics applications.