Mass scale synthesis of graphene nanosheets using waste cardboard for application in perovskite solar cells and supercapacitors
Kuldeep K. Garg,
Sandeep Pandey,
Mayank Pathak,
Chetan Prakash Sharma,
Amit Kumar,
Lata Pandey,
Christopher J. Arnusch,
Nanda Gopal Sahoo,
S.K. Dhawan,
Man-Jong Lee,
Rajiv K. Singh
Affiliations
Kuldeep K. Garg
Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division, CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
Sandeep Pandey
Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Advanced Crystal Material/Device Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
Mayank Pathak
PRS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001, Uttarakhand, India
Chetan Prakash Sharma
Dept. of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel
Amit Kumar
Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division, CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
Lata Pandey
PRS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001, Uttarakhand, India
Christopher J. Arnusch
Dept. of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8499000, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel
Nanda Gopal Sahoo
PRS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001, Uttarakhand, India
S.K. Dhawan
Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division, CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India
Man-Jong Lee
Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Advanced Crystal Material/Device Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
Rajiv K. Singh
Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division, CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India; Corresponding author.
Advanced graphene-based materials have been proficiently incorporated into next-generation solar cells and supercapacitors because of their high electrical conductivity, large surface area, excellent charge-transport ability, and exceptional optical properties. Herein, we report the synthesis of graphene nanosheets (GNs) from waste cardboard via pyrolysis, with ethyl alcohol as the growth initiator. Additionally, we demonstrated the use of GNs in energy conversion and storage applications. Using the GN electrode in perovskite solar cells resulted in an excellent power conversion efficiency of ∼10.41 % for an active area of 1 cm2, indicating an enhancement of approximately 27 % compared to conventional electrodes. Furthermore, the GNs were used as active electrode materials in supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and a high gravimetric specific capacitance of 167.5 F/g at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. The developed GNs can be efficiently used for energy storage, conversion, and electrochemical sensing applications.
