High Atherogenic Index of Plasma at-admission of COVID-19 patients can predict Upcoming Cardiac Morbidity and Mortality in Non-Cardiac patients

Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 showed multiple modifications since the start of the pandemic not only in the viral structure but also in its clinical presentation. Cardiac presentation and infection of cardiac patients is serious and necessitates early prediction Objectives: Evaluation of the relation between incidentally detected dyslipidemia at-admission of COVID-19 non-cardiac patients and their outcome. Patients and methods: Plasma lipid profile and the Atherogenic Index of Plasma [AIP] were determined in 302 COVID confirmed patients. Patients were evaluated using the COVID-GRAM [CG] critical illness score and during hospital stay the rates of admission to intensive care unit [ICU], development of cardiac insults and need for admission to cardiac ICU [CCU] and its outcome were determined. Results: 114 patients were dyslipidemic with increasing incidence with increased disease severity. The AIP cardiac risk was high in 92 and the CG critical illness risk was medium in 231 patients. Forty-seven and 63 patients were admitted to the CCU and ICU, respectively, and unfortunately; 21 and 22 patients died at CCU and ICU, respectively. High at-admission CG-risk percentage was defined as predictor for progress to critical grade by 63% and total mortality by 37%, while high at-admission AIP score was the only important predictor for mortality secondary to cardiac insult. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was detected in about 40% of low cardiac risk COVID patients and about 15.6% developed cardiac insult and 7% had died. Combined estimation of AIP and CG scores might accurately differentiate patients liable to develop cardiac complications and predict both mortalities.

Keywords

• dyslipidemia non-cardiac patients covid-19 disease
• atherogenic index of plasma cardiac insults