Nacionalismus vs. internacionalismus. Karel Hlaváček mezi Moderní revue a sokolstvím

Abstract

The paper deals with the concept of nation, or Czechness, in the views of the poet, theoretician and artist Karel Hlaváček (1874–1898). In the mid-nineties of the 19th century, Hlaváček belonged to the inner circle around the magazine Moderní revue. In this environment, issues related to national identity, especially in the field of art and culture, but also in the political and social context, were often discussed. At that time, however, Hlaváček was also active in the Sokol association, whose national, i.e. Czech, dimension was not negligible. The texts he published in the Sokol press often differed significantly from those in the pages of Moderní revue, even in terms of the concept of the nation. The difference between the well-known text Nacionalism a internationalism (Moderní revue, December 1896) and his extensive study of Sokol as a social movement, which he published a few months later in the magazine Sokol (October 1897), is absolutely crucial. Hlaváček’s views will be placed in the broader intellectual context of European decadent art.