Antibiotics (Dec 2020)
The Use of Antimicrobials in Italian Heavy Pig Fattening Farms
- Federico Scali,
- Giovanni Santucci,
- Antonio M. Maisano,
- Francesca Giudici,
- Federica Guadagno,
- Matteo Tonni,
- Alberto Amicabile,
- Nicoletta Formenti,
- Enrico Giacomini,
- Massimiliano Lazzaro,
- Giorgio Bontempi,
- Nicoletta Vitale,
- Lis Alban,
- Jeroen Dewulf,
- Adriana Ianieri,
- Sergio Ghidini,
- Giancarlo Belluzzi,
- Loredana Candela,
- Angelica Maggio,
- Paolo Pasquali,
- Silvio Borrello,
- Giovanni L. Alborali
Affiliations
- Federico Scali
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Giovanni Santucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Antonio M. Maisano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Francesca Giudici
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Federica Guadagno
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Matteo Tonni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Alberto Amicabile
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Nicoletta Formenti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Enrico Giacomini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Massimiliano Lazzaro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Giorgio Bontempi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- Nicoletta Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta (I.Z.S.T.O.), S.S. Osservatorio delle Regioni, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy
- Lis Alban
- Danish Agriculture & Food Council, Axelborg, Axeltorv 3, 1609 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Jeroen Dewulf
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
- Adriana Ianieri
- Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Sergio Ghidini
- Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Giancarlo Belluzzi
- Department of Food and Drug, Parma University, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Loredana Candela
- Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Angelica Maggio
- Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Paolo Pasquali
- Department of Food Safety Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Silvio Borrello
- Italian Ministry of Health, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Giovanni L. Alborali
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’ (I.Z.S.L.E.R.), Sector Diagnostic and Animal Health, Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9120892
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 9,
no. 12
p. 892
Abstract
Data on antimicrobial use (AMU) in heavy pig production (>150 kg) are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the AMU in this production. Data from 2015 were collected for 143 fattening farms. The AMU was estimated through a treatment index per 100 days (TI100) using the defined daily dose animal for Italy (DDDAit). When possible, a comparison with the European Medicines Agency’s defined daily doses for animals (DDDvet) was performed. The median TI100 was 10.7 (range, 0.2–49.5). Group treatments represented 94.6% of overall consumption. The AMU calculated using DDDAit and DDDvet were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.976; p p p = 0.014), premixes (ρ = 0.26, p = 0.002), and mortality (ρ = 0.18; p = 0.027). Farm size was negatively correlated with AMU (ρ = −0.29, p 100 (odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.2–4.7), suggesting that they may have lower biosecurity and management standards. The results of this study should provide useful insights for the development of an Italian monitoring system.
Keywords
