Logical Scenarios Parameterization for Automated Vehicle Safety Assessment: Comparison of Deceleration and Cut-In Scenarios From Japanese and German Highways

Abstract

This study compares real-traffic deceleration and cut-in scenarios, which were established as critical to automated vehicles (AVs) safety, between Japanese and German highway trajectory datasets. Both scenarios were extracted from two different traffic data previously collected in Japan with both instrumented vehicles and fixed cameras over highways (SAKURA dataset) and in Germany with drones (highD dataset). Five vehicle kinematic variables (lateral and longitudinal distances, velocities, and accelerations) were used to parameterize both scenarios and compared them between datasets using correlation and intersection objective measures and safety metrics: Time-to-Collision and Time Headway. Despite the differences in the rule of the road (e.g. speed limits left- and right-hand traffic), road design, and data sources between the two countries, data comparison results revealed significant correlations and intersections of parameters distribution for both scenarios. The Time-to-Collision significantly overlapped between countries for both scenarios. However, differences in the Time Headway indicate that the safety distance varied across both countries, suggesting that safety assessment methodologies need to be tailored to different environments and regions to ensure safety. These results highlight the potential to develop safety indicators applicable at the international level and warrant further data collection and comparative studies that support the development of harmonized, widely applicable, and region-neutral AVs safety assessment methodologies.

Keywords

• Scenario-based approach
• cut-in
• deceleration
• international traffic datasets
• parameterization
• safety metric