Male Infertility. Genetic Aspects

Abstract

This review presents evidence of some genetic factors of male infertility and the methods that can be used for its diagnosis. Among the genetic factors there are being distinguished the genetic apparatus changes at the level of gene (mutation), chromosomes (chromosome aberrations), total DNA (chromatin dispersion and fragmentation of DNA). In addition to standard cytogenetic methods of examination, spermogram and DNA diagnostics, there are a number of molecular cytogenetic techniques such as FISH, TUNEL, SCSA, SCGE, SCD. Depth study of sperm in infertile men on several levels of the organization of the genetic material will assess the information content of each method separately and in combination, as well as develop an optimal algorithm for diagnosis with a view to selecting the most effective treatment of male infertility.