Science-Based Strategies of Antiviral Coatings with Viricidal Properties for the COVID-19 Like Pandemics
Rakesh Pemmada,
Xiaoxian Zhu,
Madhusmita Dash,
Yubin Zhou,
Seeram Ramakrishna,
Xinsheng Peng,
Vinoy Thomas,
Sanjeev Jain,
Himansu Sekhar Nanda
Affiliations
Rakesh Pemmada
Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, MP, India
Xiaoxian Zhu
School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
Madhusmita Dash
School of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Arugul, Odisha 752050, India
Yubin Zhou
School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
Seeram Ramakrishna
Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117587, Singapore
Xinsheng Peng
School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
Vinoy Thomas
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Sanjeev Jain
Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, MP, India
Himansu Sekhar Nanda
Biomedical Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Discipline of Mechanical Engineering, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482005, MP, India
The worldwide, extraordinary outbreak of coronavirus pandemic (i.e., COVID-19) and other emerging viral expansions have drawn particular interest to the design and development of novel antiviral, and viricidal, agents, with a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. The current indispensable challenge lies in the development of universal virus repudiation systems that are reusable, and capable of inactivating pathogens, thus reducing risk of infection and transmission. In this review, science-based methods, mechanisms, and procedures, which are implemented in obtaining resultant antiviral coated substrates, used in the destruction of the strains of the different viruses, are reviewed. The constituent antiviral members are classified into a few broad groups, such as polymeric materials, metal ions/metal oxides, and functional nanomaterials, based on the type of materials used at the virus contamination sites. The action mode against enveloped viruses was depicted to vindicate the antiviral mechanism. We also disclose hypothesized strategies for development of a universal and reusable virus deactivation system against the emerging COVID-19. In the surge of the current, alarming scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is a great necessity for developing highly-innovative antiviral agents to work against the viruses. We hypothesize that some of the antiviral coatings discussed here could exert an inhibitive effect on COVID-19, indicated by the results that the coatings succeeded in obtaining against other enveloped viruses. Consequently, the coatings need to be tested and authenticated, to fabricate a wide range of coated antiviral products such as masks, gowns, surgical drapes, textiles, high-touch surfaces, and other personal protective equipment, aimed at extrication from the COVID-19 pandemic.