Acta Médica Costarricense (Dec 2011)
Resultados del Programa de Rehabilitación Cardíaca Fase II, desarrollado por el Centro Nacional de Rehabilitación, Costa Rica Results of the Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Programat the National Center of Rehabilitation, Costa Rica
Abstract
Objetivo: Debido a la importancia de la enfermedad cardiovascular en Costa Rica y a la escasa información de los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca a nivel nacional, el presente estudio buscó describir los resultados del Programa de Rehabilitación Cardiaca, Fase II, en el Centro Nacional de Rehabilitación. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de revisión de expedientes clínicos de pacientes portadores de enfermedad arterial coronaria, remitidos a un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca desde marzo de 2009 a mayo de 2010. De un total de 158 pacientes, 131 finalizaron la fase II. Se comparó la capacidad funcional máxima -estimada mediante una prueba de esfuerzo en banda sin fin- y el perfil de lípidos. Estas pruebas se realizaron al inicio y al final de esta fase II, la cual consta de 10 a 12 semanas de duración. Resultados: Se obtuvo un aumento significativo de la capacidad funcional estimada en Equivalentes Metabólicos (METs), con un promedio equivalente a un 29.7% al finalizar las 10 a 12 semanas (pAim: Due to the importance of the cardiovascular disease in Costa Rica, and the lack of information about Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs in our country, the objective of this study is to determine the results of a phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation program at the National Center of Rehabilitation. Methods: retrospective study based on a review of the clinical records of patients with coronary artery disease referred for the phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program from March 2009 to May 2010. Of a total of 158 patients, 131 finished the phase II. We compared the results of maximal functional capacity estimated by a treadmill stress testing, and lipid profile at the beginning and the end of the 10 - 12 week program. Results: we found a significant statistical increase in the functional capacity of Metabolic Equivalents (METs) in average of 29,7% at the end of the 10-12 week program (p<0,05) estimated by a treadmill stress testing; the group that obtain the bigger increase was the “High risk” patients with 64,37% and with less increase the younger patients with 19,15%. We found a lowering in average of Total cholesterol of 4.44mg/dl (-2.9%) (p = 0.145), LDL-coholesterol of 0.96 mg/dl (-1.1%) (p=0.746), triglycerides of 19.41mg/dl (-11.2%) (p=0.016) and increase in HDL-cholesterol of 0.95mg/dl (2.5%) (p= 0.181). Conclusions: The phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program of the CENARE reported an increase in the functional capacity of patients with coronary artery disease in average of 29,7%, been this increase higher in the “High Risk” patients and a lesser increase in the ones with less age. We did not find significant changes in the lipid profile at the end of this training period.
