Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Oct 2009)
Frequência de quedas e associação com parâmetros estabilométricos de equilíbrio em mulheres na pós-menopausa com e sem osteoporose Frequency of falls and association with stabilometric parameters of balance in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis
Abstract
OBJETIVO: avaliar a frequência de quedas e sua associação com parâmetros estabilométricos de equilíbrio corporal em mulheres na pós-menopausa com e sem osteoporose. MÉTODOS: estudo corte transversal que incluiu 266 mulheres com e sem osteoporose, acima de 60 anos, amenorreia de no mínimo 12 meses. As mulheres foram entrevistadas quanto à ocorrência de quedas nos últimos 12 meses, informações clínicas e sociodemográficas. O diagnóstico de osteoporose foi verificado pela densitometria óssea e o equilíbrio corporal avaliado com plataforma de força. Para análise estatística foram calculadas médias, desvios padrão, percentuais, teste de Mann-Whitney, χ2 e Odds Ratio, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. RESULTADOS: mulheres com osteoporose apresentaram menor índice de massa corpórea (IMC), menor escolaridade, menor tempo de uso de terapia hormonal e menor idade na menopausa. A frequência de quedas foi significativamente maior no grupo de mulheres com osteoporose (51,1%) (pPURPOSE: to evaluate the rate of fall and its association with stabilometric parameters in postmenopause women, with or without osteoporosis. METHODS: transversal cohort study including 266 over 60-year-old women with and without osteoporosis, with at least 12 months of amenorrhea. The women were interviewed about the occurrence of falls in the previous 12 months, and about clinical and sociodemographic information. The osteoporosis diagnosis was done through bone densitometry and the postural stability evaluated through a stabilometric platform. For statistical analysis, mean, standard deviation, percentage, Mann-Whitney test, χ2 and Odds Ratio, and Spearman's correlation coefficient have been calculated. RESULTS: women with osteoporosis presented lower body mass index (BMI), lower schooling, shorter hormonal therapy and sooner menopause onset. The rate of fall was significantly higher in the group of women with osteoporosis (51.1%) (p<0.01), that presented an adjusted risk of 1.9 (1.3 to 3.4) times higher of falls and 3.2 (1.2 a 8.2) times higher of recurrent falls than the group without osteoporosis. Women with osteoporosis presented higher amplitude of Y axis oscillation in the open-eye test, than women without osteoporosis. The adjusted correlation analysis between stabilometric parameters and falls has not shown any significant correlation. CONCLUSIONS: women with post-menopausal osteoporosis present higher rate of falls and higher risk of recurrent falls, as compared with women without osteoporosis.
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