Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини (Mar 2016)
МОВЛЕННЄВІ ПРІОРИТЕТИ АДРЕСАНТА У ВИБОРІ СИНТАКСИЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ / SPEECH PRIORITIES IN CHOOSING THE NATIVE SPEAKER OF SYNTACTIC MEANS
Abstract
The article discusses current issues of linguistics with a person in the center of events. Underlined that in the center of modern linguistic research is a Person – active speech personality. The problem of choosing optimal variant of syntactic units are examined by the speeker due to extralingual factors. These include communicative intent, intentions and speech experience of the author, the situation of communication, especially interlocutor and so on. For successful communication must take into account the mobility of the language system, which opens up the opportunity of using constructions – simple and complex sentences, provides informative speech, stylistic diversity, expressiveness. Research nominations syntactic variance problem is related to the creative aspect of grammar in general. The role of the speaker as the author of expression is extraordinary, because the selection of sentence structure and method of nomination depends on the communicative competence, knowledge and ability to work .The author should consider informative value of each component of the phrase because the parts of the sentence perform different communicative role. The choice of syntactic structure "tells" to other participants of communication, which is the type of relationship topical in particular "world view" of the speaker: a) between members of the situation or b) between the situations of reality, or c) between communicative unequal situations d) between the giving situation and speaker . During the communication sentence can increase information potential for the help of the secondary part of the sentence and complicating constructions. They are interpreted as grammatical and lexical actualizators. They collect semantic of predicative part of complex and coordinated sentences and identify the trend to economy of language features, the ability to re-form syntax links. In the article the central and peripheral phenomena is underlined and analyzed mandatory and discretionary syntax options, shown tendencies of differentiation and integration capabilities. Stated that complex of variant syntactic units represents the richness of the Ukrainian language considering of its national specificity. Key words: native speaker, communication, syntactic units, syntax nomination, predication, variant syntactic, selection of syntactic means, communicative competence. В статье рассмотрена проблема выбора говорящим оптимального варианта синтаксических единиц с учетом экстралингвистических факторов, влияющих на обстановку общения с целью реализации авторских интенций. Для успешной коммуникации необходимо учитывать динамизм языковой системы, предполагающей возможность использования вариативных конструкций – простых (в т. ч. и осложненных) и сложных предложений, что позволяет придать речи информативной насыщенности, стилистического разнообразия, экспрессивности речи.Ключевые слова: антропоцентризм, говорящий, коммуникация, синтаксическая номинация, предикация, актуализаторы, динамичность синтаксической системы, синтаксические варианты, выбор синтак- сических средств.
