Use of Chènevotte, a Valuable Co-Product of Industrial Hemp Fiber, as Adsorbent for Pollutant Removal. Part I: Chemical, Microscopic, Spectroscopic and Thermogravimetric Characterization of Raw and Modified Samples
Chiara Mongioví,
Dario Lacalamita,
Nadia Morin-Crini,
Xavier Gabrion,
Aleksandra Ivanovska,
Federico Sala,
Vincent Placet,
Vito Rizzi,
Jennifer Gubitosa,
Ernesto Mesto,
Ana Rita Lado Ribeiro,
Paola Fini,
Nicoletta De Vietro,
Emanuela Schingaro,
Mirjana Kostić,
Cesare Cosentino,
Pinalysa Cosma,
Corina Bradu,
Gilles Chanet,
Grégorio Crini
Affiliations
Chiara Mongioví
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
Dario Lacalamita
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
Nadia Morin-Crini
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
Xavier Gabrion
FEMTO-ST, CNRS/UFC/ENSMM/UTBM, Department of Applied Mechanics, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
Aleksandra Ivanovska
Innovation Center, Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Federico Sala
Istituto di Chimica e Biochimica G. Ronzoni, via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
Vincent Placet
FEMTO-ST, CNRS/UFC/ENSMM/UTBM, Department of Applied Mechanics, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
Vito Rizzi
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro” di Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Jennifer Gubitosa
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro” di Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Ernesto Mesto
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
Ana Rita Lado Ribeiro
Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Paola Fini
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-IPCF, UOS Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Nicoletta De Vietro
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro” di Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Emanuela Schingaro
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
Mirjana Kostić
Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Cesare Cosentino
Istituto di Chimica e Biochimica G. Ronzoni, via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
Pinalysa Cosma
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi “Aldo Moro” di Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
Corina Bradu
PROTMED Research Centre, Department of Systems Ecology and Sustainability, University of Bucharest, Spl. Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
Gilles Chanet
Eurochanvre, 7 Route de Dijon, 70100 Arc-les-Gray, France
Grégorio Crini
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
FINEAU (2021–2024) is a trans-disciplinary research project involving French, Serbian, Italian, Portuguese and Romanian colleagues, a French agricultural cooperative and two surface-treatment industries, intending to propose chènevotte, a co-product of the hemp industry, as an adsorbent for the removal of pollutants from polycontaminated wastewater. The first objective of FINEAU was to prepare and characterize chènevotte-based materials. In this study, the impact of water washing and treatments (KOH, Na2CO3 and H3PO4) on the composition and structure of chènevotte (also called hemp shives) was evaluated using chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray computed nanotomography (nano-CT), attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that all these techniques are complementary and useful to characterize the structure and morphology of the samples. Before any chemical treatment, the presence of impurities with a compact unfibrillated structure on the surfaces of chènevotte samples was found. Data indicated an increase in the crystallinity index and significant changes in the chemical composition of each sample after treatment as well as in surface morphology and roughness. The most significant changes were observed in alkaline-treated samples, especially those treated with KOH.
