The Efficacy and Safety of Flexible Ureterorenoscopy in Treatment of Kidney Stones >2 cm: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

With the advancement of technology, flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) has gained popularity among urologists, and fURS is widely accepted as an alternative to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Recent technological and surgical innovations have promoted less invasive treatment options, such as fURS. The use of fibre optics in imaging, an increased deflection capability, and more appropriate dimensions of the device have increased the efficiency of fURS in stone disease treatment. However, there are limited data evaluating the efficacy of fURS in kidney stones >2 cm. Thus, in this review article, the authors assess the efficacy and complications of fURS for the treatment of kidney stones >2 cm

Keywords

• flexible ureterorenoscopy (furs)
• percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pnl)
• urinary tract stone disease