Scientific Reports (Jan 2024)

Hydrothermal fabrication, characterization and RSM optimization of cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles for antibiotic photodegradation under visible light

  • Asmaa I. Meky,
  • Mohamed A. Hassaan,
  • Howida A. Fetouh,
  • Amel M. Ismail,
  • Ahmed El Nemr

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52430-8
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 23

Abstract

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Abstract Photodegradation is considered a significant method engaged for the elimination of organic pollutants from water. In this work, hydrothermal cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Hy-Co–ZnO NPs) loaded with 5, 10, and 15% cobalt were prepared in a hydrothermal way and were investigated as a photocatalyst for the Ciprofloxacin (CIPF) degradation under visible irradiation using LED-light. Characterization approaches such as FTIR, XRD, XPS, DRS UV–vis spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, BET, EDX and TGA were used for the investigation of the fabricated Hy-Co–ZnO NPs. The studies indicated that 10% Hy-Co–ZnO NPs was the most efficient catalyst for the CIPF photolysis compared to ZnO NPs and other Hy-Co–ZnO NPs with 5 and 15% cobalt content. Higher photocatalytic activity (> 98%) of 20 mg/L of CIPF solution was attained within 60 min. The reaction kinetics showed that the first-order model is suitable for displaying the rate of reaction and amount of CIPF elimination with R 2 = 0.9883. Moreover, Central composite design (CCD) optimization of the 10% Hy-Co–ZnO NPs was also studied.