A Review on Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy Potential for Fetal Acidosis Examination
Siti Fatimah Abdul Halim,
Zulkarnay Zakaria,
Jaysuman Pusppanathan,
Anas Mohd Noor,
Ahmad Nasrul Norali,
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman,
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji,
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim,
Engku Ismail Engku-Husna,
Muhamad Khairul Ali Hassan,
Muhammad Juhairi Aziz Safar,
Ahmad Faizal Salleh,
Mohd Hanafi Mat Som
Affiliations
Siti Fatimah Abdul Halim
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Zulkarnay Zakaria
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Jaysuman Pusppanathan
Sport Innovation & Technology Centre (SiTC), Institute of Human Centered Engineering (iHumen), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Anas Mohd Noor
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Ahmad Nasrul Norali
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji
Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Engku Ismail Engku-Husna
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Muhamad Khairul Ali Hassan
Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Muhammad Juhairi Aziz Safar
Medical Device & Life Sciences Cluster, Sports Engineering Research Centre (SERC), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Ahmad Faizal Salleh
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Mohd Hanafi Mat Som
Biomedical Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
Fetal acidosis is one of the main concerns during labor. Currently, fetal blood sampling (FBS) has become the most accurate measurement of acidosis detection. However, it is invasive and does not provide a real time measurement due to laboratory procedures. Delays in diagnosis of acidosis have caused serious injury to the fetus, especially for the brain and the heart. This paper reviews the new technique in diagnosis of acidosis non-invasively. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has been proposed to be a new device for acidosis detection in recent years. This paper explains the basic principle of MIS and outlines the design specifications and design considerations for a MIS pH probe. It is expected that readers will gain a basic understanding of the development of a MIS pH probe from this review.
