Lesser Tuberosity Osteotomy Outcomes After Anatomic Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients With Atraumatic Avascular Necrosis

Abstract

Introduction Lesser tuberosity osteotomy (LTO) is an attractive option for subscapularis management during anatomic shoulder arthroplasty due to the biomechanical strength and reliable bone-to-bone healing. Patients with humeral head avascular necrosis (AVN) may have compromised bone healing, and the outcomes of LTO during AVN are unknown. Methods A retrospective consecutive case series of 6 patients with Cruess grade 4 or 5 humeral head AVN who underwent anatomic shoulder arthroplasty with LTO from 2010 to 2016 was performed. Postoperative radiographic evaluation for LTO healing at 6 months was analyzed, and clinical outcomes at latest follow-up, including range of motion (ROM), strength, and pain were studied.> Results Average age was 50.3 years. AVN was secondary to sickle cell in 1 patient, steroid use for systemic lupus erythematosus in 4, and chronic alcoholism in 1. By 6 months after arthroplasty, 100% had radiographically united and healed LTO. Patients averaged 140 ± 21° of active forward elevation and 42 ± 7° of active external rotation. Patients reported an improvement in visual analogue scale pain from 8.3 preoperatively to 3.8 postoperatively. All patients had a normal abdominal compression test. No patients required revision surgery. Conclusion The use of LTO during anatomic shoulder arthroplasty for AVN has an excellent bony healing rate with improvements in pain, ROM, and strength. The diseases that cause humeral head AVN do not negatively influence LTO healing outcomes during anatomic shoulder replacement. Level of Evidence IV Case Series