A high power capacity Ka-band radial transit time oscillator with one-gap extraction cavity

Abstract

The radial transit time oscillator (RTTO) is promising to realize high power output of millimeter-waves. Although the radial structure can enhance the power capacity, less cavities and small radial dimension make it difficult to improve the power capacity in RTTOs, especially in the extraction cavity. A one-gap extraction cavity in the Ka-band RTTO is proposed in this paper to improve the power capacity. Without electrons, taking the TM011 cavity as an example, the radial reversal resonant electric field can intersect with radial electrons. By choosing the sizes of the cavity, the synchronization of the electrons and the electric field can be realized to achieve effective energy exchange. In particle-in-cell simulation, the RTTO with the TM011 extraction cavity can output 1.0 GW high power microwaves (HPMs) at 31.2 GHz, and the beam-wave conversion efficiency is 31.6%. The maximum electric field in the TM011 cavity is only 800 kV/cm, which is less than one third that in the TM010 extraction cavities. In addition, the TM012 extraction cavity is employed to improve the efficiency to 35.4%. At the same time, because of the increase in the output power, the maximum radial electric field in the TM012 cavity increases to 850 kV/cm. Therefore, the one-gap extraction cavity can realize multiple energy exchanges to get high beam-wave conversion efficiency and enhance the power capacity in the extraction cavity significantly.