PLoS ONE (Jan 2017)

Multiple effects of toxins isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus on the hepatitis C virus life cycle.

  • Jacqueline Farinha Shimizu,
  • Carina Machado Pereira,
  • Cintia Bittar,
  • Mariana Nogueira Batista,
  • Guilherme Rodrigues Fernandes Campos,
  • Suely da Silva,
  • Adélia Cristina Oliveira Cintra,
  • Carsten Zothner,
  • Mark Harris,
  • Suely Vilela Sampaio,
  • Victor Hugo Aquino,
  • Paula Rahal,
  • Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187857
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 11
p. e0187857

Abstract

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the main causes of liver disease and transplantation worldwide. Current therapy is expensive, presents additional side effects and viral resistance has been described. Therefore, studies for developing more efficient antivirals against HCV are needed. Compounds isolated from animal venoms have shown antiviral activity against some viruses such as Dengue virus, Yellow fever virus and Measles virus. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the complex crotoxin (CX) and its subunits crotapotin (CP) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2-CB) isolated from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus on HCV life cycle. Huh 7.5 cells were infected with HCVcc JFH-1 strain in the presence or absence of these toxins and virus was titrated by focus formation units assay or by qPCR. Toxins were added to the cells at different time points depending on the stage of virus life cycle to be evaluated. The results showed that treatment with PLA2-CB inhibited HCV entry and replication but no effect on HCV release was observed. CX reduced virus entry and release but not replication. By treating cells with CP, an antiviral effect was observed on HCV release, the only stage inhibited by this compound. Our data demonstrated the multiple antiviral effects of toxins from animal venoms on HCV life cycle.