European Psychiatry (Jun 2022)
Clinical and immunological profile of patients with schizophrenia
Abstract
Introduction The question of the involvement of inflammatory and autoimmune processes in schizophrenia pathogenesis has become the most relevant in the last decade and yet is not fully understood. Objectives The study included 60 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (age 18 - 55 y.o.) and 30 healthy control group participants. Patients were in a stabilization state without a history of organic brain disorder or another verified somatic disease in the exacerbation phase. Methods Research methods included follow-up method, neuropsychological (PANSS, BAC-S), laboratory (enzyme immunoassay, flow cytometry), and statistical. Results Patients with schizophrenia had significant structural disorders of thinking, passive, apathetic withdrawal, negativism, impaired attention, psychomotor speed, volitional impulses. Cognitive impairment was detected in all study participants. Severe impairments are noted in the executive functioning, hand-eye coordination, attention, psychomotor speed. The severity of cognitive impairments correlated with the severity of clinical symptoms. Patients with schizophrenia had a significant decrease in central memory T-regulators levels, and an increase in Th1 and Th2 subsets, «double-positive» and «сlassic» Th17, Tfh2, «classic» Tfh17, and in Tfh17.1 (Pic.1). Picture. 1. T-helper subsets in patients with schizophrenia. They also had high levels of CCL20, IL-10, IL-12, IL-1β, IL-27, IL-31, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-9, TNFα in comparison with a control group. A significantly decreased levels of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-2, IL-22, and TNFβ were also described in this group of patients. Conclusions Patients with schizophrenia may be characterized by the presence of an inflammatory process and a high chance of autoimmunity. Aknowledgement. This work was supported by the grant of the Russian Federation Government, contract 14.W03.31.0009 Disclosure No significant relationships.
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