Acta Biomedica Scientifica (May 2013)
CHEMICAL STUDY OF SNOW OF VLADIVOSTOK CITY AND RUSSKY ISLAND
Abstract
In the paper thefirst results of mass and spectrometer research of snow cover of the largest city in the Far East - Vladivostok (mainland and Island Russky), dropped-out on the November 19 2012, are presented. To exclude secondary pollution by anthropogenous aerosols we used the top layer (5-10 cm) of just dropped-out snow placed in the 3-liter sterile containers. In a couple of hours, when snow in containers thawed, 10 ml of liquid were gained from each sample and were analyzed on a mass spectrometer of high resolution with inductive-connected plasma (MS-ICP) Element XR (Thermo Scientific). Measurements were carried out with use of a technique of TsV3.18.05-2005 Fr.1.31.2005.01714. Tests were selected in 20 points: 16 points - Vladivostok, 3 points - Island Russky (DVFU campus, the bridge, the settlement) and a comparison point - the bay Hero in the southwest of Peter the Great Bay. For the first time application of the most highly sensitive chemical method for an applied ecological task is shown today. Distribution of Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in areas of Vladivostok different by anthropogenous loading and on Russian Island is revealed. In districts of Vladivostok with high transport loading high contents of metals (Mn, Cu, Zn) which source is motor transport (exhaustgases, autopaint, catalysts) are fixed also. Tests from districts of the Academic Town have traces of influence of the sea coast (halite and potassium-containing minerals) and railroad tracks (a microparticle of iron and its oxides) that strongly pollutes environment iron because of continuous movement of trains. In the tests taken on the Eagle hill, the highest point of Vladivostok, high concentrations of Mn (the highest concentration from all tests) and Cu (the third concentration from all tests) are recorded. This point of selection is in the downtown and, apparently, isn't ecologically clear. It should be noted that height above sea level in an urban environment isn't in sufficient condition for ecological safety. Russian Island is a pure zone with low background contents of heavy metals. The raised maintenance of Cu, Ni and Zn in snow cover of the bay Hero is shown.
