A Potential New Source of Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis: The Essential Oil of <i>Rhaphiodon echinus</i>
Carlos Vinicius Barros Oliveira,
Patric Anderson Gomes da Silva,
Saulo Relison Tintino,
Cathia Cecília Coronel,
Maria Celeste Vega Gomez,
Mírian Rolón,
Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha,
Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga,
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah,
Polrat Wilairatana,
Jean Paul Kamdem,
Luiz Marivando Barros,
Antonia Eliene Duarte,
Pedro Silvino Pereira
Affiliations
Carlos Vinicius Barros Oliveira
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Patric Anderson Gomes da Silva
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Saulo Relison Tintino
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Cathia Cecília Coronel
Centro Para El Desarrollo De La Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Fundación Moisés Bertoni/Laboratorios Dıáz Gill, Manduvira 635, Asunción CP. 1255, Paraguay
Maria Celeste Vega Gomez
Centro Para El Desarrollo De La Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Fundación Moisés Bertoni/Laboratorios Dıáz Gill, Manduvira 635, Asunción CP. 1255, Paraguay
Mírian Rolón
Centro Para El Desarrollo De La Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Fundación Moisés Bertoni/Laboratorios Dıáz Gill, Manduvira 635, Asunción CP. 1255, Paraguay
Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
Polrat Wilairatana
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Jean Paul Kamdem
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Luiz Marivando Barros
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Antonia Eliene Duarte
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Pedro Silvino Pereira
Microscopy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), 1161 Cel. Antonio Luiz Avenue, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
Weeds are an important source of natural products; with promising biological activity. This study investigated the anti-kinetoplastida potential (in vitro) to evaluate the cytotoxicity (in vitro) and antioxidant capacity of the essential oil of Rhaphiodon echinus (EORe), which is an infesting plant species. The essential oil was analyzed by GC/MS. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by reduction of the DPPH radical and Fe3+ ion. The clone Trypanosoma cruzi CL-B5 was used to search for anti-epimastigote activity. Antileishmanial activity was determined using promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis (MHOM/CW/88/UA301). NCTC 929 fibroblasts were used for the cytotoxicity test. The results showed that the main constituent of the essential oil was γ-elemene. No relevant effect was observed concerning the ability to reduce the DPPH radical; only at the concentration of 480 μg/mL did the essential oil demonstrate a high reduction of Fe3+ power. The oil was active against L. brasiliensis promastigotes; but not against the epimastigote form of T. cruzi. Cytotoxicity for mammalian cells was low at the active concentration capable of killing more than 70% of promastigote forms. The results revealed that the essential oil of R. echinus showed activity against L. brasiliensis; positioning itself as a promising agent for antileishmanial therapies.
