Analysis of development of fetal hypoxia as a common complication of pregnancy and labor

Abstract

Due to insufficient oxygen supply to the fetus, which is called hypoxia, adverse changes occur in its body. In the total number of births, it is 10,5%. Fetal hypoxia is not an independent disease. It is a consequence of various pathological processes in the body of the mother, fetus and in the placenta. The health of a child is formed even during his intrauterine development, in this regard, fetal hypoxia at the present stage is an important medical and social issue, since it is directly related to the level of health of the population. The article analyzes the main factors contributing to the occurrence of hypoxia during pregnancy and childbirth. These can be diseases of the mother, such as: cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, anemia, intoxication and others. It can also be a violation of the fetal-placental blood flow: gestosis, fetal prolongation, the risk of premature birth, pathology of the placenta and umbilical cord, various abnormalities of labor. The research was carried out on the basis of the Arzamas Maternity Hospital. Cases of development of fetal hypoxia, outcomes of pregnancies and childbirth in women with fetal hypoxia were analyzed. The aim of the study was to study the factors influencing the development of fetal hypoxia during pregnancy and childbirth in order to determine priority preventive measures to prevent this pathology in the city of Arzamas and Arzamas region. Retrospectively, 821 birth histories were analyzed – form No. 096/y, for the period 2017-2019, reporting data for the Arzamas maternity hospital. Based on the results obtained, in order to reduce fetal hypoxia, it is necessary to improve the quality of health improvement of the population at the pregravid stage, to allocate women with a complicated obstetric history to highrisk groups, to hospitalize women with pathology in the appropriate departments when their condition worsens and before childbirth. It is necessary to carry out psychoprophylactic preparation of pregnant women for childbirth, prohibit the work of women in hazardous work by law, organize physical culture breaks for women whose work is associated with physical inactivity.

Keywords

• pregnancy
• pathology
• hypoxia
• fetus
• health
• prevention