Финансы: теория и практика (Sep 2017)
PREFERENTIAL CREDITING AS URGENT INSTRUMENT OF THE STATE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Abstract
Subject. From all set of forms and methods of impact of the state on the agrarian sector of economy the most significant — financial and credit tools. The necessity of a specific mode of crediting of the agrarian sector of economy is caused by the numerous internal and external factors influencing its rather low profitability and the increased risk of production. Owing to the submitted review of economic indicators of the agrarian sector of economy of Russia in 2015–2017 the analysis of indicators of investments into fixed capital under the article “Agriculture” for the 10-year period (2006–2015), expenses of the federal budget and budgets of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation for 2016 which source of financial security is the subsidy is carried out. An assessment is given to indicators of subsidizing and crediting of the agrarian and industrial complex enterprises in 2006–2015. The structure of the modern mechanism of crediting of agrarian and industrial complex of the Russian Federation is given, common features and differences of preferential crediting in a se ction of the shor t-term and investment credit are revealed. Purposes. A complex author’s research of system of subsidizing and crediting of the agrarian and industrial complex enterprises of Russia, detection of advantages of new forms of crediting of the agrarian sector and also the existing concepts and approaches to a solution of the problem of financial support of agrarian and industrial complex. Justification of essentially new approaches of access for agricultural producers to credit resources and providing to an opportunity development of the new equipment and technologies in production of competitive production in the conditions of new “wave” of sanctions of the USA and the European Union countries. Methodology. The research is based on dialectic approach. When carrying out a research system, institutional approaches and statistical methods hav e been used. Results. On the basis of the analysis of dynamics of crediting of agrarian and industrial complex of JSC Rosselkhozbank in 2006–2015 on indicators of volume, structure, quantity of the credits, terms and subjects of crediting offers on change of system of crediting of the agricultural organizations, individual forms of managing and agricultural consumer cooperatives are provided. The bit-by-bit structure of the modern mechanism of crediting of agrarian and industrial complex within market system and state regulation is disclosed and also common features and distinctive features of conditions of preferential crediting of agrarian and industrial complex on the shor t-term and investment credits are revealed. Conclusions. Considering the fact that in Russia generally two banks with the state participation are engaged in crediting of agriculture now: Rosselkhozbank and Sberbank of the Russian Federation while in the middle of the 2000th years, over 200 Russian commercial banks participated in the system of crediting of agricultural producers with subsidizing of an interest rate, need to be expanded both the list of the credit institutions, and the range offered by them credit products, considering the interests of all forms of managing in the village. Further development of components of the mechanism of crediting of agrarian and industrial complex and also development and deployment of new forms of crediting in the form of the soft short-term and investment loans have to be focused on ensuring high rates of production and consumption of domestic agricultural production per capita and an impor t substitution course.
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