Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
Использование яровых сортов в селекции озимой твердой пшеницы
Abstract
The use of spring varieties in the breeding of winter durum wheat The breeding works can be of great success due to presence and diversity of the initial material used in the hybridization process. The limited and insufficient diversity of the initial material makes the development of winter durum wheat really difficult. The research center ‘Donskoy’ applies the varieties of spring durum wheat in the hybridization with winter durum wheat for the development of its own initial material. On the example of the variety ‘Oniks’ obtained in the hybridization of highly productive drought tolerant variety of spring durum wheat ‘Novodanskaya’ with the productive half-dwarf variety of winter durum wheat ‘Aysberg odessky’ we have shown the technology of development and growing of hybrids and features of the breeding work with them. The article considers the study results of economic-biological traits and properties of the variety ‘Oniks’ introduced into the State List of Breeding Achievements in the North-Caucasus and Nizhne-Volzhsky regions. The variety successfully combines high quality of grain, heat tolerance, resistance to lodging inherited from spring durum wheat, short stem, good tillering, high potential of productivity inherited from winter durum wheat. The average yields through the studied years ranged from 7.03 t/ha to 8.31 t/ha with the least 5.97 t/ha. The average increase of productivity to the standard variety ‘Donchanka’ was 0.95 t/ha.
