Masculinization of Red Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) Using 17α-Methyltestosterone-Loaded Alkyl Polyglucosides Integrated into Nanostructured Lipid Carriers
Jakarwan Yostawonkul,
Sirikorn Kitiyodom,
Kittipat Supchukun,
Nutthanit Thumrongsiri,
Nattika Saengkrit,
Komkiew Pinpimai,
Amin Hajitou,
Kim D. Thompson,
Kasem Rattanapinyopituk,
Masashi Maita,
Manoj Tukaram Kamble,
Teerapong Yata,
Nopadon Pirarat
Affiliations
Jakarwan Yostawonkul
The International Graduate Course of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Sirikorn Kitiyodom
Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Kittipat Supchukun
The International Graduate Course of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Nutthanit Thumrongsiri
National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Nattika Saengkrit
National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
Komkiew Pinpimai
Aquatic Resources Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Amin Hajitou
Cancer Phagotherapy, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
Kim D. Thompson
Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
Kasem Rattanapinyopituk
Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Masashi Maita
Laboratory of Fish Health Management, Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
Manoj Tukaram Kamble
Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Teerapong Yata
Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Nopadon Pirarat
Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
The aim of the present study was to optimize a masculinization platform for the production of all-male red tilapia fry by oral administration of 30 and 60 ppm of MT and alkyl polyglucoside nanostructured lipid carriers (APG-NLC) loaded with MT, respectively, for 14 and 21 days. The characterization, encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of MT in lipid-based nanoparticles were assessed in vitro. The results showed that the MT-loaded nanoparticles were spherical, ranging from 80 to 125 nm in size, and had a negative charge with a narrow particle distribution. The APG-NLC loaded with MT provided higher physical stability and encapsulation efficacy than the NLC. The release rate constants of MT from MT-NLC and MT-APG-NLC were higher than those of free MT, which is insoluble in aqueous media. There was no significant difference in survival between the fish administered MT or the those fed orally with MT-APG-NLC fish. According to the logistic regression analysis, the sex reversal efficacy of MT-APG-NLC (30 ppm) and MT (60 ppm), resulted in significantly higher numbers of males after 21 days of treatment compared with the controls. The production cost of MT-APG-NLC (30 ppm) after 21 days of treatment was reduced by 32.9% compared with the conventional MT treatment group (60 ppm). In all the treatments, the length–weight relationship (LWR) showed negatively allomeric growth behavior (b n) of more than 1. Therefore, MT-APG-NLC (30 ppm) would seem to be a promising, cost-effective way to reduce the dose of MT used for the masculinization of farmed red tilapia.
