Effects of Ciprofloxacin Alone or in Mixture with Sulfamethoxazole on the Efficiency of Anaerobic Digestion and Its Microbial Community
Valentina Mazzurco Miritana,
Luisa Patrolecco,
Anna Barra Caracciolo,
Andrea Visca,
Flavia Piccinini,
Antonella Signorini,
Silvia Rosa,
Paola Grenni,
Gian Luigi Garbini,
Francesca Spataro,
Jasmin Rauseo,
Giulia Massini
Affiliations
Valentina Mazzurco Miritana
Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Luisa Patrolecco
Institute of Polar Sciences—National Research Council (ISP-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Anna Barra Caracciolo
Water Research Institute—National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Andrea Visca
Water Research Institute—National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Flavia Piccinini
Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Antonella Signorini
Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Silvia Rosa
Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Paola Grenni
Water Research Institute—National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Gian Luigi Garbini
Water Research Institute—National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Francesca Spataro
Institute of Polar Sciences—National Research Council (ISP-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Jasmin Rauseo
Institute of Polar Sciences—National Research Council (ISP-CNR), SP 35d, km 0.7, Montelibretti, 00010 Rome, Italy
Giulia Massini
Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Some livestock farms rely on anaerobic digestion (AD) technology for manure disposal, thus obtaining energy (biogas) and fertilizer (digestate). Mixtures of antibiotics used for animal health often occur in organic waste and their possible synergistic/antagonistic effects on microorganisms involved in AD are still poorly studied. This work focuses on the effects of adding ciprofloxacin, alone (5 mg L−1) and in combination with sulfamethoxazole (2.5–5–10 mg L−1), on AD efficiency and microbial community structure. The experiment consisted of 90-day cattle manure batch tests and antibiotic removal percentages were assessed. Adding antibiotics always promoted CH4 and H2 production compared to untreated controls; however, CH4 production was lowered with the highest ciprofloxacin (CIP) concentrations. The overall results show antibiotic degradation caused by acidogenic Bacteria, and CH4 was mainly produced through the hydrogenotrophic-pathway by methanogenic Archaea. Shifts in microbial community abundance (DAPI counts) and composition (Illumina-MiSeq and FISH analyses) were observed.
