Zhongguo linchuang yanjiu (Nov 2023)
Characteristics of thyroid nodule cases and its clinical significance for diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological data of patients after thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules and explore the characteristics of malignant thyroid nodules and its guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Clinical data of 177 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules admitted to Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to June 2021 were collected. All patients underwent unilateral thyroidectomy, total thyroidectomy, or radical lymph node dissection according to their conditions. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data, postoperative pathology, and lymph node metastasis status of the patients. Results Among 177 patients with thyroid nodules, there were 43 males (24.3%) and 134 females (75.7%), but there was no significant difference in the malignancy rate and lymph node metastasis rate between men and women (72.1% vs 76.9%, 51.6% vs 52.4%, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the malignancy rate of thyroid nodules between men and women aged 20-40 years, but the lymph node metastasis rate in men of this age group was significantly higher than that in women (69.2% vs 35.9%, χ2=4.392， P0.05). There was no significant difference in the malignancy rate of thyroid nodules between men aged over 40 years and those aged 20-40 years, but the former has a lower lymph node metastasis rate (69.2% vs 33.3%, P<0.05). The malignancy rate of thyroid nodules in women aged 20-40 years was higher than that in women aged over 40 years (90.7% vs 70.3%, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the lymph node metastasis rate (P＞0.05). The malignancy rate of bilateral thyroid nodules in women was significantly higher than that of unilateral ones (88.5% vs 60.7%, P<0.01). Conclusion Gender, age, unilateral or bilateral nodules can serve as important reference indicators for the diagnosis and preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules, and can be used as a reference for patients to choose targeted treatment options.
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