Clinical, pathological, and surgical aspects of ovarian torsion

Abstract

Background: Ovarian torsion accounts for 1%–6% of surgical treatment for adnexal masses. Its incidence rises during pregnancy but is rare, and there are varied predisposing factors. However, the etiology remains unknown. Materials and Methods: The cases of ovarian torsion over 2 years (2020–2022) at MGM Women’s Hospital, Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai, India, have been reported duly reviewed retrospectively. Results: Twelve of eighteen adnexal torsions occurred in the right adnexa (67%). Of the four pregnant patients, three had a right-sided adnexal torsion (75%). Right anticlockwise adnexal torsion was the most common entity noted. The most common types of ovarian cysts are dermoid cysts and serous cystadenomas, corresponding to this study, with 77.8% of the cases having either histopathological findings. Conclusion: Ovarian torsion is an urgent gynecological condition that needs prompt intervention. Modalities such as laparotomy, laparoscopy, or conservative management with detorsion can be the treatment of choice. Maximum adnexal torsion occurs on the right side. A large amount of right-sided adnexal torsion has rotation anticlockwise manner, whereas most left-sided adnexal torsion spin clockwise.

Keywords

• acute abdomen
• ovarian torsion
• oophoropexy
• cystectomy
• oophorectomy