آداب الرافدين (Dec 1985)
Heritage features and architectural designs in Mosul and their impact on urban growth
Abstract
The research deals with an overview of the historical background of the city of Mosul, its ancient location, its plans and the nature of the changes that have occurred in it until it has come to its heritage form, focusing on the features and architectural designs of its son, tracking its origins, addressing its functions, how it addresses various housing problems, developing solutions to it, and the extent of impact So on urban growth in it. Mosul is one of the ancient cities that appeared clearly on the scene of events as a fortress in the Assyrian era, and then fell for a period of time under the influence of the invaders from Persia and Byzantines. In the year AH 16 / AD 637, the Muslim Arabs liberated it, and it insisted during the reign of Caliph Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him), and then it received the attention of the two caliphs, Othman bin Affan and Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with them, until it became rain inspired by Islam. It gained the attention of the Umayyads, and the Abbasids after them, and when it was owned by the sons of Hamdan (۲۹۳ - ۳۱۷ e / 905 - 929 A.D.), its neighborhoods expanded and its markets and hotels expanded and reached the climax of its architectural and artistic greatness in the era of Atabi (521 - 660 AH / 1127 - 1261 AD), but soon conditions deteriorated The city, after being subjected to the Ilkhanid invasion, Turkoman tribes, and Timurids, was finally subjected to the Ottoman control to which most of the heritage buildings belong, especially the era of the venerable rulers (۱۱۳۹ - 1249 / 1726-1834) and the heritage buildings that we are going to address to their architectural features and designs are centered in the ancient site of the city of Mosul . Several factors have played in drawing the architectural map of the city of Mosul, especially the heritage, including: the environment, climatic conditions, local experiences, social and religious traditions and customs, political events, and building materials. This map has positively affected the urban growth in the city as a result of its treatment of these factors, and the development of practical solutions to some of the problems that resulted from it, and is a good model for the Arab Islamic city that has met the necessary human requirements.
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