Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Extended-Wavelength–Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (EW-DRS)—Proof of Concept in Ex Vivo Breast Specimens Using Machine Learning
Nadia Chaudhry,
John Albinsson,
Magnus Cinthio,
Stefan Kröll,
Malin Malmsjö,
Lisa Rydén,
Rafi Sheikh,
Nina Reistad,
Sophia Zackrisson
Affiliations
Nadia Chaudhry
Department of Translational Medicine, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
John Albinsson
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
Magnus Cinthio
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Stefan Kröll
Department of Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Malin Malmsjö
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
Lisa Rydén
Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
Rafi Sheikh
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
Nina Reistad
Department of Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Sophia Zackrisson
Department of Translational Medicine, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to distinguish malignant breast tissue from adjacent healthy tissue, and to evaluate if an extended-wavelength range (450–1550 nm) has an advantage over the standard wavelength range (450–900 nm). Multivariate statistics and machine learning algorithms, either linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or support vector machine (SVM) are used to distinguish the two tissue types in breast specimens (total or partial mastectomy) from 23 female patients with primary breast cancer. EW-DRS has a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 91% as compared to a sensitivity of 40% and specificity of 71% using the standard wavelength range. The results suggest that DRS can discriminate between malignant and healthy breast tissue, with improved outcomes using an extended wavelength. It is also possible to construct a simple analytical model to improve the diagnostic performance of the DRS technique.
