USE, RELIGIOUS EVENTS AND LOCAL KNOWLEDGE OF ORCHIDS Laelia autumnalis and Oncidium sphacelatum

Abstract

The objective of this research was to document and analyze the use, management and local knowledge of orchids associated with religious and cultural celebrations in rural communities of the Municipalities of Apaseo el Alto, Guanajuato and Tuxpan, Veracruz. Laelia autumnalis in Apaseo el Alto and Oncidium sphacelatum in Tuxpan Were selected for study. A qualitative approach was applied. It was supported by field trips, participant observation and depth interviews with elder women, family heads, orchid vendors and chronicler. It has been found that Laelia autumnalis, better known as "lily" or "graft", is produced in backyard gardens. It is used as an ornament, and pseudobulbs are used for the elaboration of sweets with figures alluding to religious celebrations (Santa Cruz, San Bartolomé and San Juan.). These uses has been practiced for more than 100 years in the communities of the municipality. In Tuxpan, Oncidium sphacelatum (Santa Cruz) is reproduced successfully at backyard gardens level, with abundant populations. It is used for the elaboration of crosses, the adornment of the same ones. These crosses “protect” the houses, business, constructions in process, crosses of the paths, etc., Floral stems are mainly used that constitute a symbolism for the population and a source of income. Local knowledge of these species favours their reproduction and care. It is concluded that both species are important for and constitute part of the cultural and natural heritage of the communities, taking advantage of plant structures (pseudobulbs that have already flowered and flower stems) without any risk.

Keywords

• tradition
• religious events
• laelia
• oncidium