Diagnostics (Mar 2024)

Characterisation and Outcomes of Patients with Solid Organ Malignancies Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: Mortality and Impact on Functional Status and Oncological Treatment

  • Marta García de Herreros,
  • Juan Carlos Laguna,
  • Joan Padrosa,
  • Tanny Daniela Barreto,
  • Manoli Chicote,
  • Carme Font,
  • Ignacio Grafiá,
  • Lucía Llavata,
  • Elia Seguí,
  • Albert Tuca,
  • Margarita Viladot,
  • Carles Zamora-Martínez,
  • Sara Fernández-Méndez,
  • Adrián Téllez,
  • Josep Maria Nicolás,
  • Aleix Prat,
  • Pedro Castro-Rebollo,
  • Javier Marco-Hernández

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070730
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 7
p. 730

Abstract

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Background: Despite the increasing number of ICU admissions among patients with solid tumours, there is a lack of tools with which to identify patients who may benefit from critical support. We aim to characterize the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with solid malignancies admitted to the ICU. Methods: Retrospective observational study of patients with cancer non-electively admitted to the ICU of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (Spain) between January 2019 and December 2019. Data regarding patient and neoplasm characteristics, ICU admission features and outcomes were collected from medical records. Results: 97 ICU admissions of 84 patients were analysed. Lung cancer (22.6%) was the most frequent neoplasm. Most of the patients had metastatic disease (79.5%) and were receiving oncological treatment (75%). The main reason for ICU admission was respiratory failure (38%). Intra-ICU and in-hospital mortality rates were 9.4% and 24%, respectively. Mortality rates at 1, 3 and 6 months were 19.6%, 36.1% and 53.6%. Liver metastasis, gastrointestinal cancer, hypoalbuminemia, elevated basal C-reactive protein, ECOG-PS greater than 2 at ICU admission, admission from ward and an APACHE II score over 14 were related to higher mortality. Functional status was severely affected at discharge, and oncological treatment was definitively discontinued in 40% of the patients. Conclusion: Medium-term mortality and functional deterioration of patients with solid cancers non-electively admitted to the ICU are high. Surrogate markers of cachexia, liver metastasis and poor ECOG-PS at ICU admission are risk factors for mortality.

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