Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (Apr 2022)
Increased Cytokine Levels Assist in the Diagnosis of Respiratory Bacterial Infections or Concurrent Bacteremia in Patients With Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
- Lihua Zhang,
- Lihua Zhang,
- Lihua Zhang,
- Lihua Zhang,
- Jinping Zhang,
- Jinping Zhang,
- Jinping Zhang,
- Jinping Zhang,
- Haiping He,
- Haiping He,
- Haiping He,
- Haiping He,
- Xiaosui Ling,
- Xiaosui Ling,
- Xiaosui Ling,
- Xiaosui Ling,
- Fan Li,
- Fan Li,
- Fan Li,
- Fan Li,
- Zefeng Yang,
- Zefeng Yang,
- Zefeng Yang,
- Zefeng Yang,
- Jinlian Zhao,
- Jinlian Zhao,
- Jinlian Zhao,
- Jinlian Zhao,
- Huiyuan Li,
- Huiyuan Li,
- Huiyuan Li,
- Huiyuan Li,
- Tonghua Yang,
- Tonghua Yang,
- Tonghua Yang,
- Tonghua Yang,
- Shixiang Zhao,
- Shixiang Zhao,
- Shixiang Zhao,
- Shixiang Zhao,
- Keqian Shi,
- Keqian Shi,
- Keqian Shi,
- Keqian Shi,
- Xin Guan,
- Xin Guan,
- Xin Guan,
- Xin Guan,
- Renbin Zhao,
- Renbin Zhao,
- Renbin Zhao,
- Renbin Zhao,
- Zengzheng Li,
- Zengzheng Li,
- Zengzheng Li,
- Zengzheng Li
Affiliations
- Lihua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Lihua Zhang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Lihua Zhang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Lihua Zhang
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Jinping Zhang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinping Zhang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinping Zhang
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Haiping He
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Haiping He
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Haiping He
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Haiping He
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xiaosui Ling
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Xiaosui Ling
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xiaosui Ling
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xiaosui Ling
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Fan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Fan Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Fan Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Fan Li
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zefeng Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Zefeng Yang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zefeng Yang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zefeng Yang
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinlian Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Jinlian Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinlian Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Jinlian Zhao
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Huiyuan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Huiyuan Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Huiyuan Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Huiyuan Li
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Tonghua Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Tonghua Yang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Tonghua Yang
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Tonghua Yang
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Shixiang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Shixiang Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Shixiang Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Shixiang Zhao
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Keqian Shi
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Keqian Shi
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Keqian Shi
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Keqian Shi
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xin Guan
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Xin Guan
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xin Guan
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Xin Guan
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Renbin Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Renbin Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Renbin Zhao
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Renbin Zhao
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zengzheng Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Zengzheng Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Clinical Medical Center, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zengzheng Li
- Yunnan Blood Disease Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Zengzheng Li
- National Key Clinical Specialty of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.860526
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 12
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a form of tumor that originates in the lymphoid tissues. Bacterial infections are very common in NHL patients. Because most of the patients do not experience apparent symptoms during the initial stage of infection, it is difficult to detect the underlying condition before it progresses to a more critical level. The activation of the cytokines is a hallmark of inflammation. Due to the advantages of short detection time and high sensitivity of cytokines, many studies have focused on relationship between cytokines and infection. However, few studies have been conducted on NHL patients with infection. Therefore, we reviewed the cytokine profiles of 229 newly diagnosed NHL patients and 40 healthy adults to predict respiratory bacterial infection and bacteremia. Our findings revealed that IL-6(41.67 vs 9.50 pg/mL), IL-8(15.55 vs 6.61 pg/mL), IL-10(8.02 vs 4.52 pg/mL),TNF-β(3.82 vs 2.96 pg/mL), IFN- γ(4.76 vs 2.96 pg/mL), body temperature(37.6 vs 36.5°C), CRP(20.80 vs 4.37 mg/L), and PCT(0.10 vs 0.04 ng/mL) levels were considerably greater in NHL cases with respiratory bacterial infections relative to NHL cases without infection (P<0.05). Furthermore, IL-6(145.00 vs 41.67 pg/mL), IL-8(34.60 vs 15.55 pg/mL),temperature(38.4 vs 37.6°C), PCT(0.79 vs 0.10 ng/mL), and CRP(93.70 vs 20.80 mg/L) levels in respiratory infectious NHL patients with more severe bacteremia were considerably elevated than in patients with respiratory bacterial infections only (P<0.05). Remarkably, increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 are effective in determining whether or not pulmonary bacterial infectious NHL patients have bacteremia. Temperature, PCT, and CRP all have lower sensitivity and specificity than IL-6. IL-6 ≥18.79pg/mL indicates the presence of pulmonary bacterial infection in newly diagnosed NHL patients, and IL-6 ≥102.6pg/mL may suggest pulmonary bacterial infection with bacteremia. In short, this study shows that cytokines can be advantageous in the diagnosis and differentiation of pulmonary bacterial infection and bacteremia in newly diagnosed NHL patients and may also guide for the use of clinical antibiotics.
Keywords
