Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children: A multi-center study

Wenming Shi; Cong Liu; Isabella Annesi-Maesano; Dan Norback; Qihong Deng; Chen Huang; Hua Qian; Xin Zhang; Yuexia Sun; Tingting Wang; Aaron van Donkelaar; Randall V. Martin; Yinping Zhang; Baizhan Li; Haidong Kan; Zhuohui Zhao

Environment International (Jan 2021)

Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children: A multi-center study

Wenming Shi,
Cong Liu,
Isabella Annesi-Maesano,
Dan Norback,
Qihong Deng,
Chen Huang,
Hua Qian,
Xin Zhang,
Yuexia Sun,
Tingting Wang,
Aaron van Donkelaar,
Randall V. Martin,
Yinping Zhang,
Baizhan Li,
Haidong Kan,
Zhuohui Zhao

Affiliations

Wenming Shi: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Cong Liu: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Isabella Annesi-Maesano: Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Medical School Saint-Antoine, F75012 Paris, France
Dan Norback: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751, Sweden
Qihong Deng: School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Chen Huang: School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Hua Qian: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Xin Zhang: Research Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Yuexia Sun: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Tingting Wang: School of Nursing & Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
Aaron van Donkelaar: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
Randall V. Martin: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Yinping Zhang: Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Baizhan Li: Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Haidong Kan: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China; Corresponding authors at: Room 331, Building 8, 130 Dong-an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China (Z. Zhao). Room 333, Building 8, 130 Dong-an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China (H. Kan).
Zhuohui Zhao: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment (Fudan University), Shanghai Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China; Corresponding authors at: Room 331, Building 8, 130 Dong-an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China (Z. Zhao). Room 333, Building 8, 130 Dong-an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China (H. Kan).

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 146
p. 106176

Abstract

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The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3− and OM.

Published in Environment International

ISSN: 0160-4120 (Print)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Geography. Anthropology. Recreation: Environmental sciences
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/environment-international

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