Медицинская иммунология (Nov 2023)
Prospects for the development of adaptive medical immunology
Abstract
The processes of adaptation of the human immune system to negative internal and external influences, including stress, infectious, environmental factors, are controlled by the neuroimmunoendocrine complex (NIEC). The normal functioning of the NIEC is the close interaction between the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. The normal NIEC allows the immune system show its adaptive capabilities, remain resistant to various negative influences, while maintaining the ability to repel attacks of various pathogens, neutralize allergic and autoimmune reactions. In case of violations of the normal functioning of the NIEC, adaptive processes in the immune system, the interaction of the immune, nervous and endocrine systems suffer, which leads to persistent violations of the functioning of the immune system and can manifest the formation of diseases of the immune system, including acquired immunodeficiency. We have justified the need to create a new promising scientific direction – adaptive medical immunology, which is based on the study of the features of disorders of the human immune system under acute or chronic exposure to negative internal and external, stressful, infectious, urban factors, resulting in a “breakdown of the adaptive capabilities of the immune system” and, as a result, the diseases exist of the immune system, including acquired immunodeficiency and related immune-dependent diseases. The aim of adaptive medical immunology is to develop an algorithm for complex immunodiagnostics and to create integrative interdisciplinary programs for correction immune system, including immunotherapeutic approaches that affect acquired disorders and restore an adaptive activities of the immune system. The main task is the restoration of an adequate response of the immune system to the existing atypically occurring acute or chronic infectious and inflammatory process, as well as the leveling of disorders of the nervous and endocrine systems with restoration their balanced interaction in the NIEC. Such an integration approach contributes to the restoration of the normal functioning of the immune system, the formation of positive clinical efficacy and the exit of patients into long-term clinical remission. Another task of adaptive medical immunology is the creation of promising innovative diagnostic technologies and, on this basis, the development of new integration programs for targeted restoration of damage to the immune system, as well as the nervous and endocrine systems in immunocompromised patients suffering from various immune-dependent diseases.
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