Modifying Cellulose Acetate Mixed-Matrix Membranes for Improved Oil–Water Separation: Comparison between Sodium and Organo-Montmorillonite as Particle Additives
Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang,
Kiara Pauline O. Devanadera,
Alyssa Nicole R. Duena,
Zheng-Yen Luo,
Yu-Hsuan Chiao,
Jeremiah C. Millare,
Ruth R. Aquino,
Shu-Hsien Huang,
Kueir-Rarn Lee
Affiliations
Micah Belle Marie Yap Ang
R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
Kiara Pauline O. Devanadera
School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines
Alyssa Nicole R. Duena
School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines
Zheng-Yen Luo
R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
Yu-Hsuan Chiao
R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
Jeremiah C. Millare
School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines
Ruth R. Aquino
General Education Department, Colegio de Muntinlupa, Mayor J. Posadas Avenue, Sucat, Muntinlupa City 1770, Metro Manila, Philippines
Shu-Hsien Huang
R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
Kueir-Rarn Lee
R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) mixed-matrix membranes were fabricated through the wet-phase inversion method. Two types of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay were embedded separately: sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) and organo-montmorillonite (O-MMT). Na-MMT was converted to O-MMT through ion exchange reaction using cationic surfactant (dialkyldimethyl ammonium chloride, DDAC). Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) compared the chemical structure and composition of the membranes. Embedding either Na-MMT and O-MMT did not change the crystallinity of the CA membrane, indicating that the nanoclays were dispersed in the CA matrix. Furthermore, nanoclays improved the membrane hydrophilicity. Compared with CANa-MMT membrane, CAO-MMT membrane had a higher separation efficiency and antifouling property. At the optimum concentration of O-MMT in the CA matrix, the pure water flux reaches up to 524.63 ± 48.96 L∙m−2∙h−1∙bar−1 with over 95% rejection for different oil-in-water emulsion (diesel, hexane, dodecane, and food-oil). Furthermore, the modified membrane delivered an excellent antifouling property.
