Identification of PKS-NRPS Hybrid Metabolites in Marine-Derived <i>Penicillium oxalicum</i>
Hongcheng Li,
Wei Zhang,
Xuan Zhang,
Shen Tang,
Ping Men,
Mengyi Xiong,
Zhimin Li,
Yongyu Zhang,
Xuenian Huang,
Xuefeng Lu
Affiliations
Hongcheng Li
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Wei Zhang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Xuan Zhang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Shen Tang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Ping Men
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Mengyi Xiong
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Zhimin Li
Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Yongyu Zhang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Xuenian Huang
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Xuefeng Lu
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
Filamentous fungi are abundant resources of bioactive natural products. Here, 151 marine-derived fungi were collected from the north Yellow Sea and identified by an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. The crude extracts of all strains were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities and analyzed by HPLC fingerprint. Based on these, strain Penicillium oxalicum MEFC104 was selected for further investigation. Two new polyketide–amino acid hybrid compounds with feature structures of tetramic acid, oxopyrrolidine A and B, were isolated. Their planner structures were assigned by HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR experiments. The absolute configurations were determined by modified Mosher’s method, J-based configuration analysis, and ECD calculations. Furthermore, the biosynthetic pathway was identified by bioinformatic analysis and gene-deletion experiments. This study established a link between oxopyrrolidines and the corresponding biosynthesis genes in P. oxalicum.
