16. Contrast induced nephropathy, a single Saudi tertiary center experience

Abstract

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. Limited data exists about CIN in Saudi Arabia. We sought to explore the incidence, and characteristics of CIN victims in a Saudi tertiary care center. Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac catheterization (CC) or renal denervation between January 1st, 2012 and June 30th, 2013 were screened. CIN was defined as ⩾25% increase in Creatinine, occurring within 24–7 h after contrast exposure. Baseline characteristics, and incidence of CIN were described. Results: 437 patients were eligible for this analysis. Of those 434 underwent CC and 3 renal denervation. The mean age of the study cohort was 56.9 (±11.8). 56.6% were Saudi nationals, and 78.2% were males. Diabetes, hypertension, and pre-existing chronic kidney disease were found in 52.5%, 59.12%, and 5.35%, respectively. 73.7% were hydrated prior to the procedure, and 42.9% were hydrated following the procedure. Overall incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy was 31.3%. 56.5% developed CIN within 48 h after the index procedure; while 35.6% developed it after 96 h. All patients developing CIN recovered without dialysis. Baseline estimated GFR, and HTN were the only independent predictors for CIN. Conclusion: Our study is the first study in Saudi Arabia reporting the incidence of CIN. CIN incidence is relatively high though the overall short-term prognosis is favorable.